International ERM Glossary

The International ERM Glossary is intended to provide users with a set of definitions that are in common usage around the world by actuaries, regulators and members of the insurance industry. The purpose in developing the glossary is to help provide a common understanding of the terms currently in use, as definitions and meanings have varied over time, and among practitioners. It can also be used as a training and educational tool for regulators.

The glossary can be consulted per letter, organization or grouping.

DISCLAIMER: The content of the International ERM Glossary has been compiled by the Joint ORSA Subcommittee of the Insurance Regulation Committee and the Enterprise and Financial Risk Committee of the IAA. This information has been collated and presented for educational and informational purposes to the members of the IAA and interested parties. The IAA assumes no responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, currency, reliability of the information in the International ERM Glossary or access to any information contained on any of the sources cited in the Glossary. The IAA, its employees and officers shall not be liable for any loss or damage, direct or indirect, which may arise or occur as a result of the use of or reliance upon any of the material in the International ERM Glossary.

Glossary
TermGroupingOrganization or Jurisdiction Defining TermSource of DefinitionDefinition
Market RiskRisk CategoriesChinaCIRC C-ROSS Conceptual FrameworkThe risk of unexpected losses arising from adverse changes in interest rates, FX, equity, commodity, etc.M
Market RiskRisk CategoriesIAISIAIS Supervisory MaterialThe risk to an insurer's financial condition arising from movements in the level or volatility of market prices of assets, liabilities and financial instruments, whether on all investments as a whole (general market risk) or on an individual investment (specific market risk).M
Market RiskRisk CategoriesInternational Actuarial AssociationIAA - Acturial Aspects of ERM for Insurance CompaniesThe risk of loss arising from changes in market variables.M
Market RiskRisk CategoriesInternational Risk Management InstituteIRMI TermsExposure to uncertainty due to changes in rate or market price of an invested asset (e.g., interest rates, equity values).M
Market RiskRisk CategoriesThe European Economic AreaCEA Solvency IIThe risk of changes in values caused by market prices or volatilities of market prices differing from their expected values.M
Market RiskRisk CategoriesThe European Economic AreaPRA Rulebookmeans the risk of loss or of adverse change in the financial situation resulting, directly or indirectly, from fluctuations in the level and in the volatility of market prices of assets, liabilities and financial instruments.M
Market RiskRisk CategoriesThe European Economic AreaSolvency IIThe risk of loss or of adverse change in the financial situation resulting, directly or indirectly, from fluctuations in the level and in the volatility of market prices of assets, liabilities and financial instruments. (Solvency II Directive art. 13(31))M
Minimum Capital RequirementSolvency termsChinaCIRC C-ROSS Conceptual FrameworkThe amount of capital required according to the regulations to cover the adverse impact on the undertaking's solvency capability arising from market risk, credit risk, insurance risk, etc.M
Minimum Capital RequirementSolvency termsIAISIAIS Supervisory MaterialIn the context of a legal entity's capital adequacy assessment, the level of solvency at which, if breached, the supervisor would invoke its strongest actions, in the absence of appropriate corrective action by the insurer.M
Minimum Capital RequirementSolvency termsThe European Economic AreaCEA Solvency IIThe capital level representing the final threshold that triggers ultimate supervisory measures in the event that it is breached.M
Minimum Capital RequirementSolvency termsThe European Economic AreaSolvency IIA minimum level of security below which the amount of financial resources should not fall (Solvency II Directive (60)).M
Model RiskRisk CategoriesInternational Actuarial AssociationIAA ISAPThe risk that, due to deficiency in the model or in its use, an intended user of the results of the model will draw an incorrect conclusion from those resultsM